{"id":7262,"date":"2022-05-01T00:41:30","date_gmt":"2022-05-01T00:41:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/?page_id=7262"},"modified":"2022-05-01T01:07:31","modified_gmt":"2022-05-01T01:07:31","slug":"vision","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/nervous\/brain\/vision\/","title":{"rendered":"6b2 Vision"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Vision<\/h1> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Vision Objectives<\/h3> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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    List the five “traditional” senses and provide examples of additional senses.<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • Identify eye structures and describe their basic functions.<\/b><\/li>\n
  • Describe perception, including the sensory receptors and role of the brain.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    Senses are the way we collect data to form a perception, or idea, of the world around us.<\/h5> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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    “Traditional” Senses<\/h2>\n

    These are the senses most people know.<\/h5> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    \n Vision <\/h3>\n
    \n Rod and cone cells in human eyes send information on shape, depth, movement, and color to the brain. <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    \n Audition (hearing) <\/h3>\n
    \n Hair cells in human ears collect information on sound amplitude and frequency. <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    \n Taste <\/h3>\n
    \n Taste buds scattered on the tongue detect at least five tastes in humans: sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami (“savory”). <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    \n Olfaction (smell) <\/h3>\n
    \n Ciliated receptor cells in the human nasal cavity can detect thousands of different odors. <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    \n Touch <\/h3>\n
    \n Skin receptor cells can detect pain, heat, cold, light touch, and heavy pressure. <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    \n But wait... <\/h3>\n
    \n We actually have more than these five senses. <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    The “traditional” five senses are generated by organs largely dedicated to sensory reception (eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin).<\/p>\n

    But there are other senses created by smaller parts of an organ, and\/or by multiple organs.<\/p> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

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    Additional Senses<\/h3>\n

    These senses do not have dedicated organs (like the eyes or ears), and their mechanisms are not typically well understood.<\/h6> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    \n Balance <\/h3>\n
    \n Receptors in the skeletal muscles, ears, and eyes play a role in human balance. <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    \n Proprioreception <\/h3>\n
    \n This is awareness of where parts of the body are located: it enables you to touch your nose with closed eyes. <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    \n Pain <\/h3>\n
    \n Receptors in the skin, joints, bones, and soft organs send pain signals when tissue damage has occurred. This is a wider sense that simple pain reception by nerve endings in the skin. <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    \n Hunger <\/h3>\n
    \n Multiple parts of the brain are responsible for the feeling of hunger that assists in energy management. <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    \n Chronoreception (passage of time) <\/h3>\n
    \n Awareness of the passage of time is impacted by multiple brain structures and includes short term time and daily circadian rhythms. <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    \n Assorted Internal Senses <\/h3>\n
    \n At least eight additional senses include detecting a full bladder, thirst, and more. <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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    In this section we are focusing in on one of the most studied senses: vision.<\/h6>\n

    The next section compares and contrasts hearing, taste, and smell.<\/p> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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