{"id":7530,"date":"2022-05-15T01:45:03","date_gmt":"2022-05-15T01:45:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/?page_id=7530"},"modified":"2022-05-15T03:30:36","modified_gmt":"2022-05-15T03:30:36","slug":"worms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/worms\/","title":{"rendered":"8b1 Worms"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-7530\" data-postid=\"7530\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-7530 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n                    <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-css_id=\"ith067\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_ith067 tb_first tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_a4vq69 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_kzib69 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-362\" title=\"Number 1 orange square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_4ehl70  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h1>Worms<\/h1>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module icon -->\n<div  class=\"module module-icon tb_v5ea70  normal circle icon_horizontal tf_textl\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"module-icon-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<em class=\"tf_boxyellow\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t><svg  class=\"tf_fa tf-ti-angle-down\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\" xlink:href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\"><\/use><\/svg><\/em>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>scroll down<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module icon -->\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"yn7u67\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_yn7u67 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_tbom70 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_um4670 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1165\" height=\"874\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=1165%2C874&#038;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-4844\" title=\"1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1165px) 100vw, 1165px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_7dgy70 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_tu2u71  repeat  wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Overview &amp; Worms Objectives<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_g4du71  repeat  wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>List the various groups of macroparasites and microparasites (pathogens) that can cause disease in humans.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Describe different types of intestinal worms, including how they enter the human body and their impact on human hosts.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Examine the potential coevolution occurring between humans and intestinal worms.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_ju7m67 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_a4k671 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_j87371   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>We are starting with an overview of the agents (organisms and otherwise) that cause infectious diseases.<\/strong><\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_jh4j71 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/418639202?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_nfmv67 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_ljr572 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_q6gf72  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Agents that cause infectious diseases range in size from many feet long (intestinal tapeworms) to smller than a virus (viroids).<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_cm9t72 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Screen-Shot-2019-08-12-at-2.57.57-PM-1024x315.png?resize=1024%2C315\" width=\"1024\" height=\"315\" alt=\"\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_glc567 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_xs4d72 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_m2w872  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">A parasite lives off the body of another organism for food (like a fungus) or as a means of reproducing (like a virus).\u00a0 The ones we can see without magnification are the <strong>macroparasites<\/strong> and include worms, arthropods (including insects), and some fungi.\u00a0 The microscopic <strong>microparasites<\/strong> are often called <strong>pathogens<\/strong> and include yeast fungi, protists, bacteria, and organisms that are too small to live independently without another organism&#8217;s cells (viruses, prions, viroids).<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_pee272 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Screen-Shot-2019-08-12-at-5.51.44-PM-1024x314.png?resize=1024%2C314\" width=\"1024\" height=\"314\" alt=\"\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_qaa567 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_f8c373 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_uhiv73  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Intestinal Worms<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_s33j67 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_bm2j73 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_8f5n73 image-top circle  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/earth-ss-1022x1024.jpg?resize=1022%2C350\" width=\"1022\" height=\"350\" alt=\"\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ncr973 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_bmcg73  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Approximately two billion people on Earth are infected with worms.\u00a0 The number is staggering.\u00a0 Clearly these worms are not typically lethal, or we would have heard of these numbers before.\u00a0 However, worms often reside in the intestines, stealing nutrients away from their human hosts.\u00a0 This can lead to malnutrition and an individual becomes more vulnerable to other diseases.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_zlpj67 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_nsd074 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_xj8174  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p><strong>First, an introduction to the various worm groups, including two that include worm species that parasitize humans.<\/strong><\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_zsjs74 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/322657805?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_0gej67 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_4vu074 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_vul774 video-top  video-autoplay\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/322691790?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0&#038;autoplay=1\" allow=\"fullscreen;autoplay\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_15tq75 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_fzgv75  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Just to reiterate: most worm species are not harmful to humans, some species are beneficial like earthworms.\u00a0 These <em>Planaria<\/em> flatworms are commonly found in freshwater where they are omnivores and are eaten by larger carnivores.\u00a0 Those big eyespots detect light and are one of their most recognizable features.\u00a0 We keep them as pets.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_533067 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_dams75 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_o5la75  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6><strong>Back to the parasites.<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><strong>This video shows how humans become infected, how large the worms get, and their impact on the human population.<\/strong><\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_0awf75 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/322655490?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_jrcg67 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_el7875 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_qfro75 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/322656875?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_427q75 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_dgef76  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>It&#8217;s time to see real worm specimens, including tapeworms and <em>Ascaris<\/em> roundworms<\/p>\n<p>Note: some of these worms can be disturbing.\u00a0 If you have had a cat or dog with worms, you know what we are talking about.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_9q5667 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_hbc276 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_53o476  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">This microscopic view looks like blood vessels, but it is something else entirely.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_p0hl76 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_01xq76 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/418697573?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"ml1f67\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_ml1f67 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_rjde76 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_j7rr76  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>Organisms can parasitize other parts of the human body, but it is the intestinal worms that impact the largest number of humans.\u00a0 Drug treatments that damage the worms are also often hard on the human hosts.\u00a0<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_jiin67 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_hypw76 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_be6x77 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ascaris-lc-1024x859.jpg?resize=1024%2C350\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" alt=\"\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_hhuj77 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_5za477  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">The larvae of Ascaris roundworm can leave the intestines, travel though blood vessels in the lungs, move up the trachea (windpipe) and get swallowed, re-entering the intestines to grow into adults.\u00a0 All grotesqueness of this aside, the lung migratory stage is particularly dangerous for people who may already have lung damage from Tuberculosis (TB) and other diseases.\u00a0 Researchers have noted that there are fewer &#8220;lung migrators&#8221; in some populations of <em>Ascaris<\/em>.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_ainb67 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_mvny77 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_sxfn77  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">A hypothesis is that intestinal worms are co-evolving with our species to become less deadly.\u00a0 The last thing intestinal worms need to do is kill their host where they feed, grow, and breed, releasing eggs with fecal material.\u00a0 Fewer lung migrating worms may improve worm fitness, and be less dangerous to humans.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_58a777 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_101577 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ascaris-b-1024x682.jpg?resize=1024%2C350\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" alt=\"\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-css_id=\"5yd667\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_5yd667 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner gutter-none col_align_middle tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_kw6r77 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"xkxa67\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_xkxa67 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_6ta278 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_0h5178  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>The next section introduces the arthropods that can directly cause disease or transmit pathogens directly into the human body.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"v5zz67\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_v5zz67 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_z9yw78 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_jabr78 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1165\" height=\"874\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=1165%2C874&#038;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-4844\" title=\"1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1165px) 100vw, 1165px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_vtdl78 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_kgcq79  repeat  wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_x3m479  repeat  wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>list the various groups of macroparasites and microparasites (pathogens) that can cause disease in humans?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>describe different types of intestinal worms, including how they enter the human body and their impact on human hosts?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>examine the potential coevolution occurring between humans and intestinal worms?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"flyw67\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_flyw67 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner gutter-none col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_mv8680 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_aqi080 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-361\" title=\"Guide Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_jpsr80  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Go back to the Parasites &amp; Pathogens Overview<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_dvs280 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_lwkj80 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/arthropods\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-363\" title=\"Number 2 orange square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_t5vu80  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Go forward to the Arthropods Page<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_ibur817 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_60pk817 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_t9bt818  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Parasites &amp; Pathogens Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module divider -->\n<div  class=\"module tf_mw module-divider tb_43f3818 solid  divider-custom divider-center\" style=\"border-width: 3px;border-color: #785170;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 120px;\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n    <\/div>\n<!-- \/module divider -->\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_id42818  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>The material from this guide and corresponding lecture is assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_4 tb_94y3818\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_nm9o819 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_r78n819 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-362\" title=\"Overview &amp; Worms - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Overview & Worms - YOU ARE HERE                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_vsls819\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_1u4j819 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/arthropods\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-363\" title=\"Arthropods\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/arthropods\/#\">\n                        Arthropods                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_3vxe819\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_i2or819 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/fungi-protists\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-364\" title=\"Fungi &amp; Protists\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C770&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?w=997&amp;ssl=1 997w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/fungi-protists\/#\">\n                        Fungi & Protists                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_a77j819 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_zid3819 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/bacteria-viruses\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-365\" title=\"Bacteria &amp; Viruses\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C770&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?w=997&amp;ssl=1 997w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/bacteria-viruses\/#\">\n                        Bacteria & Viruses                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"ak5268\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_ak5268 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner gutter-none col_align_top tb_col_count_3 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_p8ap82 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_pybf82 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-357\" title=\"Module Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_lqpu82  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Back to Module 8<\/h3>\n<h5>This week&#8217;s overview<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_rk4q82\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_50el82 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-361\" title=\"Guide Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_vc6s83  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>This Guide<\/h3>\n<h5>Parasites &amp; Pathogens<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_z4fq956 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_c10j957 image-top drop-shadow circle  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png?resize=100%2C368\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" alt=\"\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_fx1b957  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3>\n<h5>Submit Products<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Worms scroll down Overview &amp; Worms Objectives List the various groups of<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":7487,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7530","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"builder_content":"<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Number 1 orange square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>\n<h1>Worms<\/h1>\n<em ><svg xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\" xlink:href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\"><\/use><\/svg><\/em> scroll down\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg\" title=\"1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/>\n<h3>Overview &amp; Worms Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul> <li> <p><strong>List the various groups of macroparasites and microparasites (pathogens) that can cause disease in humans.<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><strong>Describe different types of intestinal worms, including how they enter the human body and their impact on human hosts.<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><strong>Examine the potential coevolution occurring between humans and intestinal worms.<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>We are starting with an overview of the agents (organisms and otherwise) that cause infectious diseases.<\/strong><\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/418639202[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Agents that cause infectious diseases range in size from many feet long (intestinal tapeworms) to smller than a virus (viroids).<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Screen-Shot-2019-08-12-at-2.57.57-PM-1024x315.png\" width=\"1024\" height=\"315\" alt=\"\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">A parasite lives off the body of another organism for food (like a fungus) or as a means of reproducing (like a virus).\u00a0 The ones we can see without magnification are the <strong>macroparasites<\/strong> and include worms, arthropods (including insects), and some fungi.\u00a0 The microscopic <strong>microparasites<\/strong> are often called <strong>pathogens<\/strong> and include yeast fungi, protists, bacteria, and organisms that are too small to live independently without another organism's cells (viruses, prions, viroids).<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Screen-Shot-2019-08-12-at-5.51.44-PM-1024x314.png\" width=\"1024\" height=\"314\" alt=\"\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Intestinal Worms<\/h3>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/earth-ss-1022x1024.jpg\" width=\"1022\" height=\"350\" alt=\"\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Approximately two billion people on Earth are infected with worms.\u00a0 The number is staggering.\u00a0 Clearly these worms are not typically lethal, or we would have heard of these numbers before.\u00a0 However, worms often reside in the intestines, stealing nutrients away from their human hosts.\u00a0 This can lead to malnutrition and an individual becomes more vulnerable to other diseases.<\/p>\n<p><strong>First, an introduction to the various worm groups, including two that include worm species that parasitize humans.<\/strong><\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/322657805[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/322691790[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Just to reiterate: most worm species are not harmful to humans, some species are beneficial like earthworms.\u00a0 These <em>Planaria<\/em> flatworms are commonly found in freshwater where they are omnivores and are eaten by larger carnivores.\u00a0 Those big eyespots detect light and are one of their most recognizable features.\u00a0 We keep them as pets.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Back to the parasites.<\/strong><\/h6> <p><strong>This video shows how humans become infected, how large the worms get, and their impact on the human population.<\/strong><\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/322655490[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/322656875[\/embed]\n<p>It's time to see real worm specimens, including tapeworms and <em>Ascaris<\/em> roundworms<\/p> <p>Note: some of these worms can be disturbing.\u00a0 If you have had a cat or dog with worms, you know what we are talking about.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">This microscopic view looks like blood vessels, but it is something else entirely.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/418697573[\/embed]\n<h6>Organisms can parasitize other parts of the human body, but it is the intestinal worms that impact the largest number of humans.\u00a0 Drug treatments that damage the worms are also often hard on the human hosts.\u00a0<\/h6>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ascaris-lc-1024x859.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" alt=\"\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The larvae of Ascaris roundworm can leave the intestines, travel though blood vessels in the lungs, move up the trachea (windpipe) and get swallowed, re-entering the intestines to grow into adults.\u00a0 All grotesqueness of this aside, the lung migratory stage is particularly dangerous for people who may already have lung damage from Tuberculosis (TB) and other diseases.\u00a0 Researchers have noted that there are fewer \"lung migrators\" in some populations of <em>Ascaris<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">A hypothesis is that intestinal worms are co-evolving with our species to become less deadly.\u00a0 The last thing intestinal worms need to do is kill their host where they feed, grow, and breed, releasing eggs with fecal material.\u00a0 Fewer lung migrating worms may improve worm fitness, and be less dangerous to humans.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ascaris-b-1024x682.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" alt=\"\">\n<h6>The next section introduces the arthropods that can directly cause disease or transmit pathogens directly into the human body.<\/h6>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg\" title=\"1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-3.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/>\n<h5>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/h5>\n<ul> <li> <p><strong>list the various groups of macroparasites and microparasites (pathogens) that can cause disease in humans?<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><strong>describe different types of intestinal worms, including how they enter the human body and their impact on human hosts?<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><strong>examine the potential coevolution occurring between humans and intestinal worms?<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <\/ul>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Guide Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/> <\/a>\n<h3>Go back to the Parasites &amp; Pathogens Overview<\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/arthropods\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Number 2 orange square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/> <\/a>\n<h3>Go forward to the Arthropods Page<\/h3>\n<h3>Parasites &amp; Pathogens Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>\n\n<h6>The material from this guide and corresponding lecture is assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square-200x200.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Overview &amp; Worms - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/> <h3> Overview & Worms - YOU ARE HERE <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/arthropods\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square-200x200.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Arthropods\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/arthropods\/#\"> Arthropods <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/fungi-protists\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square-200x200.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Fungi &amp; Protists\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C770&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?w=997&amp;ssl=1 997w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/fungi-protists\/#\"> Fungi & Protists <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/bacteria-viruses\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square-200x200.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Bacteria &amp; Viruses\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C770&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?w=997&amp;ssl=1 997w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/bacteria-viruses\/#\"> Bacteria & Viruses <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Module Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/> <\/a>\n<h3>Back to Module 8<\/h3> <h5>This week's overview<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/diseases\/parasites-pathogens\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Guide Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/> <\/a>\n<h3>This Guide<\/h3> <h5>Parasites &amp; Pathogens<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" alt=\"\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3> <h5>Submit 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