{"id":7835,"date":"2022-05-28T03:23:22","date_gmt":"2022-05-28T03:23:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/?page_id=7835"},"modified":"2023-06-05T23:47:34","modified_gmt":"2023-06-05T23:47:34","slug":"transmission","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/transmission\/","title":{"rendered":"10a1 Transmission"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-7835\" data-postid=\"7835\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-7835 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n                    <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-css_id=\"dzn2113\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_dzn2113 tb_first tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_9khy115 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_zsbt115 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-362\" title=\"Number 1 orange square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_trst115  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h1>Disease Transmission<\/h1>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module icon -->\n<div  class=\"module module-icon tb_mep9115  normal circle icon_horizontal tf_textl\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"module-icon-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<em class=\"tf_boxyellow\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t><svg  class=\"tf_fa tf-ti-angle-down\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\" xlink:href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\"><\/use><\/svg><\/em>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>scroll down<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module icon -->\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"l32p113\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_l32p113 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_bza0115 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_kq50115 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1165\" height=\"786\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=1165%2C786&#038;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5626\" title=\"1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=300%2C203&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=1024%2C691&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=768%2C518&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=1536%2C1037&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1165px) 100vw, 1165px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_fcf4115 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_h6y3115  repeat  wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Disease Transmission Objectives<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_bffm116  repeat  wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li class=\"p1\">\n<h6><span class=\"s1\">List examples of human-to-human, vector, and environmental infectious disease transmission.<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\">\n<h6><span class=\"s1\">Provide examples of diseases and their forms of transmission, including viral Hepatitis and COVID-19.<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\">\n<h6><span class=\"s1\">Explain how food-borne infectious disease transmission can be reduced, and provide examples of safe food preparation and storage.<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_5yv5113 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_n7vn116 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_sce0116 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/infdisease-colorful-1024x682.jpg?resize=1024%2C682\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" alt=\"\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_6bqk116 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_bn0r116  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">A key to addressing infectious diseases is to adequately understand transmission.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_wtq6113 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_l44j116 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_7ns2116  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Many day-to-day activities, like washing hands and cooking food, are intended in part to reduce disease transmission.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ugho116 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_dtew116 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/inf-dis-prevent-1024x704.jpg?resize=1024%2C704\" width=\"1024\" height=\"704\" alt=\"\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"4rzj113\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_4rzj113 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_qjzi117 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_khh6117  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Infectious disease transmission can be broken into three categories.<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_3 tb_u6w0117\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col3-1 tb_iekx117 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_g480118 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Screen-Shot-2019-08-12-at-6.11.34-PM.png?resize=300%2C200\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Human to Human\" alt=\"\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Human to Human                            <\/h3>\n                        <div class=\"image-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n            This includes respiratory transmission, skin contact, sexual contact, and mother to baby.        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/image-caption -->\n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col3-1 tb_gn9f118\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_yv47118 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Screen-Shot-2019-08-12-at-5.39.35-PM.png?resize=300%2C200\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Vector\" alt=\"\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Vector                            <\/h3>\n                        <div class=\"image-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n            An animal like a mosquito or tick transmits pathogens to a human.        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/image-caption -->\n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col3-1 tb_9kte118 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_murx118 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Screen-Shot-2019-08-12-at-5.38.39-PM.png?resize=300%2C200\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Environmental\" alt=\"\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Environmental                            <\/h3>\n                        <div class=\"image-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n            A pathogen is acquired from the environment by drinking contaminated water, eating contaminated food, or through soil.        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/image-caption -->\n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_zegz113 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_4suu118 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_wiuu119 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Screen-Shot-2019-08-12-at-5.36.46-PM.png?resize=581%2C439\" width=\"581\" height=\"439\" alt=\"\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_czhs119 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_2hla119  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">There are numerous ways an infectious disease agent can be transmitted to a human.\u00a0 Some of these are more obvious, others have more obscure names.\u00a0 <strong>Iatrogenic<\/strong> transmission means through a medical procedure like using a needle or a blood product.\u00a0 <strong>Vertical<\/strong> transmission refers to a mother transmitting to a baby immediately before or after birth.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_qagt113 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_uotk119 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_8xib119 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/423768298?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_pwr1119 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_s7ll119  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 3\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 2\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p><strong>Human-to-human sexual transmission can be reduced with use of prophylactics, measures that prevent disease.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_aigb113 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_4uk3120 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_v9ot120  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 3\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 2\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Some diseases can result from multiple forms of transmission like viral hepatitis A, B, and C.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_ajic120 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_k6i3120 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/423638153?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_2wdd113 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_fqp2120 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_e74z113 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_nd9a121 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_vu10121  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 3\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 2\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Environmental transmission includes contaminated drinking water and food.\u00a0 This video shows some of the common water-borne and food-borne pathogens that cause infections.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_dpg3121 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/423643942?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_ztmu113 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_13j8121 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_ij6r121 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/423626582?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_12n5121 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_lds6121  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 3\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 2\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>This poster provides a structure for thinking about food-borne pathogens.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_eond114 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_leh3121 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_1bqo122  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 3\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 2\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>We know we are supposed to heat and\/or cool certain foods, but the temperatures required may be a surprise.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_odcr122 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_iayz122 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/423667171?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_6sxl114 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_gokh122 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_lylz122 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/423623349?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_ntri122 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_v2qu122  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 3\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 2\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>An additional, and potentially important, food safety step is added in this video.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_j2uu114 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_cbm5122 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_bi87122  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>There are additional photos of food safety recommendations on this guide&#8217;s resource page.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module buttons -->\n<div  class=\"module module-buttons tb_s5p1123 buttons-horizontal solid  large circle\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"module-buttons-item tf_in_flx\">\n                        <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/resources\/#\" class=\"ui builder_button tf_in_flx yellow\" >\n                                                Resources                                        <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<!-- \/module buttons -->\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_yjn6114 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_dus2123 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_yff4123  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">SARS-CoV-2 Transmission<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_li6w114 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_lze9123 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_wjbf123  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">We have received many excellent questions about COVID-19 and the virus SARS-CoV-2.\u00a0 Several of these questions and answers are located throughout this module, matched with each topic.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_8slq114 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_714a124 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_n3g6124 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1165\" height=\"1294\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1641857584.jpg?resize=1165%2C1294&#038;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5746\" title=\"shutterstock_1641857584\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1641857584.jpg?w=1800&amp;ssl=1 1800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1641857584.jpg?resize=270%2C300&amp;ssl=1 270w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1641857584.jpg?resize=922%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 922w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1641857584.jpg?resize=768%2C853&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1641857584.jpg?resize=1382%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1382w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1165px) 100vw, 1165px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_ngkn310 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_w1gh310  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Q. If I someone is unvaccinated or immunocompromised, do they need to wear a mask if 6 feet away from people?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">A.\u00a0 Short answer is possibly.\u00a0 There are multiple factors at play here.\u00a0 First, research indicates that this virus spreads further than six feet away from its host.\u00a0 This is a small virus that can remain airborne for a period of time.\u00a0 Variables include location (indoors vs. outdoors), air currents, dispersal force (breathing, talking, sneezing), and the time spent within the range of an infected individual.\u00a0 Additional variables may be the type of mask, the fit of the mask, and mask handling.\u00a0 Also, research on use of masks indicates that masks are not 100% effective in stopping infection, some health care workers became infected wearing fitted quality masks.\u00a0 However masks do drop infection rate significantly.\u00a0 Also at play is the health of the individual in how significant an infection can become.\u00a0 This is a case where consulting a health care professional familiar with an individual&#8217;s medical situation can be advantageous.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_sch5114 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_tbwj614 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_4lfo614  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Q. If the primary form of covid transmission is respiratory why did we wash everything?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">A.\u00a0 This is a good question, and it has to do with the time it takes to learn about a new pathogen and concerns about reducing the percentage of risk in the mean time.\u00a0 Staying a distance away from other people reduces risk for transmission of many infectious diseases, wearing a mask reduces risk even more.\u00a0 Not touching the eyes, nose, or mouth, reduces risk.\u00a0 Washing hands after touching an object that may have a virus on it may have shaved off even more risk potential.\u00a0 Think of it as a game, and you want the risk of exposure to drop from 100% to as close to 0% as possible without a significant drop in quality of life.\u00a0 One behavior may not be adequate, the risk remains too high.\u00a0 Combining multiple behaviors drops the risk lower and lower.\u00a0 Practicing all of the risk-reducing behaviors all the time has you prepared for changing circumstances.\u00a0 Although research now supports that covid-19 is primarily spread through respiratory transmission, reduction of the spread of other pathogens like influenza and rhinoviruses reduces occurrence of other impactful diseases.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_c5k7125 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_rp1n125 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1165\" height=\"1214\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1677181513-1.jpg?resize=1165%2C1214&#038;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5751\" title=\"shutterstock_1677181513 (1)\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1677181513-1.jpg?w=1919&amp;ssl=1 1919w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1677181513-1.jpg?resize=288%2C300&amp;ssl=1 288w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1677181513-1.jpg?resize=983%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 983w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1677181513-1.jpg?resize=768%2C800&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1677181513-1.jpg?resize=1474%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1474w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1165px) 100vw, 1165px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_nlgg114 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_5oa5126 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_3nye126  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>Some people will continue to wear masks for many reasons, including compromised immune systems, concerns over risks for other infectious diseases or airborne allergens, or simply supporting immunocompromised friends and family.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"u9tw114\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_u9tw114 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_vsjv126 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_3vfx126  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>The next section introduces the first large-scale infectious disease eliminated by human effort: Smallpox.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"3m75114\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_3m75114 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_9q3y126 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_6zax126 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1165\" height=\"786\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=1165%2C786&#038;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5626\" title=\"1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=300%2C203&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=1024%2C691&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=768%2C518&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=1536%2C1037&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1165px) 100vw, 1165px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_axvb126 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_p053126  repeat  wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_iyuw127  repeat  wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li class=\"p1\">\n<h6><span class=\"s1\">list examples of human-to-human, vector, and environmental infectious disease transmission?<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\">\n<h6><span class=\"s1\">provide examples of diseases and their forms of transmission, including viral Hepatitis and COVID-19?<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\">\n<h6><span class=\"s1\">explain how food-borne infectious disease transmission can be reduced, and provide examples of safe food preparation and storage?<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"jhj6114\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_jhj6114 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner gutter-none col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_xbjc127 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_s1lf127 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-361\" title=\"Guide Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_cdge127  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Go back to the Eliminating Infectious Diseases Guide Overview<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_y05t127 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_dsh4127 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/smallpox\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-363\" title=\"Number 2 orange square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_55l1127  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Go forward to the Smallpox Page<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_tgus445 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_eauv446 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_amic446  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Eliminating Infectious Diseases Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module divider -->\n<div  class=\"module tf_mw module-divider tb_0r0b446 solid  divider-custom divider-center\" style=\"border-width: 3px;border-color: #c78016;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 120px;\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n    <\/div>\n<!-- \/module divider -->\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_tq74446  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>The material from this guide and corresponding lecture is assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_4 tb_9dwz447\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_dxly447 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_acsy447 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-362\" title=\"Disease Transmission - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Disease Transmission - YOU ARE HERE                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_iane447\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_pn2i448 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/smallpox\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-363\" title=\"Smallpox\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/smallpox\/#\">\n                        Smallpox                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_6n5b448\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_clfd448 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/polio\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-364\" title=\"Polio\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C770&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?w=997&amp;ssl=1 997w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/polio\/#\">\n                        Polio                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_pbnv448 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_7ei4448 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/vaccines\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-365\" title=\"Vaccines\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C770&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?w=997&amp;ssl=1 997w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/vaccines\/#\">\n                        Vaccines                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"djlb114\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_djlb114 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner gutter-none col_align_top tb_col_count_3 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_zcg9129 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_7hvq129 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-357\" title=\"Module Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_zxwl129  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Back to Module 10<\/h3>\n<h5>This week&#8217;s overview<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_7j26129\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_0b5h129 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-361\" title=\"Guide Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_sg4i129  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>This Guide<\/h3>\n<h6>Eliminating Infectious Diseases<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_hudb128 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_imnz129 image-top drop-shadow circle  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png?resize=100%2C368\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" alt=\"\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_7uo6130  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3>\n<h5>Submit Products<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Disease Transmission scroll down Disease Transmission Objectives List examples of human-to-human, vector,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":7791,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7835","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"builder_content":"<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Number 1 orange square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>\n<h1>Disease Transmission<\/h1>\n<em ><svg xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\" xlink:href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\"><\/use><\/svg><\/em> scroll down\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg\" title=\"1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=300%2C203&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=1024%2C691&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=768%2C518&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=1536%2C1037&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/>\n<h3>Disease Transmission Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul> <li> <h6>List examples of human-to-human, vector, and environmental infectious disease transmission.<\/h6> <\/li> <li> <h6>Provide examples of diseases and their forms of transmission, including viral Hepatitis and COVID-19.<\/h6> <\/li> <li> <h6>Explain how food-borne infectious disease transmission can be reduced, and provide examples of safe food preparation and storage.<\/h6> <\/li> <\/ul>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/infdisease-colorful-1024x682.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" alt=\"\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">A key to addressing infectious diseases is to adequately understand transmission.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Many day-to-day activities, like washing hands and cooking food, are intended in part to reduce disease transmission.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/inf-dis-prevent-1024x704.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"704\" alt=\"\">\n<h3>Infectious disease transmission can be broken into three categories.<\/h3>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Screen-Shot-2019-08-12-at-6.11.34-PM.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Human to Human\" alt=\"\"> <h3> Human to Human <\/h3> This includes respiratory transmission, skin contact, sexual contact, and mother to baby.\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Screen-Shot-2019-08-12-at-5.39.35-PM.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Vector\" alt=\"\"> <h3> Vector <\/h3> An animal like a mosquito or tick transmits pathogens to a human.\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Screen-Shot-2019-08-12-at-5.38.39-PM.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Environmental\" alt=\"\"> <h3> Environmental <\/h3> A pathogen is acquired from the environment by drinking contaminated water, eating contaminated food, or through soil.\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Screen-Shot-2019-08-12-at-5.36.46-PM.png\" width=\"581\" height=\"439\" alt=\"\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">There are numerous ways an infectious disease agent can be transmitted to a human.\u00a0 Some of these are more obvious, others have more obscure names.\u00a0 <strong>Iatrogenic<\/strong> transmission means through a medical procedure like using a needle or a blood product.\u00a0 <strong>Vertical<\/strong> transmission refers to a mother transmitting to a baby immediately before or after birth.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/423768298[\/embed]\n<p><strong>Human-to-human sexual transmission can be reduced with use of prophylactics, measures that prevent disease.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Some diseases can result from multiple forms of transmission like viral hepatitis A, B, and C.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/423638153[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Environmental transmission includes contaminated drinking water and food.\u00a0 This video shows some of the common water-borne and food-borne pathogens that cause infections.<\/strong><\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/423643942[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/423626582[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>This poster provides a structure for thinking about food-borne pathogens.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>We know we are supposed to heat and\/or cool certain foods, but the temperatures required may be a surprise.<\/strong><\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/423667171[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/423623349[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>An additional, and potentially important, food safety step is added in this video.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There are additional photos of food safety recommendations on this guide's resource page.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/resources\/#\" > Resources <\/a>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">SARS-CoV-2 Transmission<\/h3>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">We have received many excellent questions about COVID-19 and the virus SARS-CoV-2.\u00a0 Several of these questions and answers are located throughout this module, matched with each topic.<\/h6>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1641857584.jpg\" title=\"shutterstock_1641857584\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1641857584.jpg?w=1800&amp;ssl=1 1800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1641857584.jpg?resize=270%2C300&amp;ssl=1 270w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1641857584.jpg?resize=922%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 922w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1641857584.jpg?resize=768%2C853&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1641857584.jpg?resize=1382%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1382w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Q. If I someone is unvaccinated or immunocompromised, do they need to wear a mask if 6 feet away from people?<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: left;\">A.\u00a0 Short answer is possibly.\u00a0 There are multiple factors at play here.\u00a0 First, research indicates that this virus spreads further than six feet away from its host.\u00a0 This is a small virus that can remain airborne for a period of time.\u00a0 Variables include location (indoors vs. outdoors), air currents, dispersal force (breathing, talking, sneezing), and the time spent within the range of an infected individual.\u00a0 Additional variables may be the type of mask, the fit of the mask, and mask handling.\u00a0 Also, research on use of masks indicates that masks are not 100% effective in stopping infection, some health care workers became infected wearing fitted quality masks.\u00a0 However masks do drop infection rate significantly.\u00a0 Also at play is the health of the individual in how significant an infection can become.\u00a0 This is a case where consulting a health care professional familiar with an individual's medical situation can be advantageous.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Q. If the primary form of covid transmission is respiratory why did we wash everything?<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: right;\">A.\u00a0 This is a good question, and it has to do with the time it takes to learn about a new pathogen and concerns about reducing the percentage of risk in the mean time.\u00a0 Staying a distance away from other people reduces risk for transmission of many infectious diseases, wearing a mask reduces risk even more.\u00a0 Not touching the eyes, nose, or mouth, reduces risk.\u00a0 Washing hands after touching an object that may have a virus on it may have shaved off even more risk potential.\u00a0 Think of it as a game, and you want the risk of exposure to drop from 100% to as close to 0% as possible without a significant drop in quality of life.\u00a0 One behavior may not be adequate, the risk remains too high.\u00a0 Combining multiple behaviors drops the risk lower and lower.\u00a0 Practicing all of the risk-reducing behaviors all the time has you prepared for changing circumstances.\u00a0 Although research now supports that covid-19 is primarily spread through respiratory transmission, reduction of the spread of other pathogens like influenza and rhinoviruses reduces occurrence of other impactful diseases.<\/p>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1677181513-1.jpg\" title=\"shutterstock_1677181513 (1)\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1677181513-1.jpg?w=1919&amp;ssl=1 1919w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1677181513-1.jpg?resize=288%2C300&amp;ssl=1 288w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1677181513-1.jpg?resize=983%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 983w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1677181513-1.jpg?resize=768%2C800&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1677181513-1.jpg?resize=1474%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 1474w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\" \/>\n<h6>Some people will continue to wear masks for many reasons, including compromised immune systems, concerns over risks for other infectious diseases or airborne allergens, or simply supporting immunocompromised friends and family.<\/h6>\n<h6>The next section introduces the first large-scale infectious disease eliminated by human effort: Smallpox.<\/h6>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg\" title=\"1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=300%2C203&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=1024%2C691&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=768%2C518&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-6.jpg?resize=1536%2C1037&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/>\n<h5>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/h5>\n<ul> <li> <h6>list examples of human-to-human, vector, and environmental infectious disease transmission?<\/h6> <\/li> <li> <h6>provide examples of diseases and their forms of transmission, including viral Hepatitis and COVID-19?<\/h6> <\/li> <li> <h6>explain how food-borne infectious disease transmission can be reduced, and provide examples of safe food preparation and storage?<\/h6> <\/li> <\/ul>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Guide Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/> <\/a>\n<h3>Go back to the Eliminating Infectious Diseases Guide Overview<\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/smallpox\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Number 2 orange square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/> <\/a>\n<h3>Go forward to the Smallpox Page<\/h3>\n<h3>Eliminating Infectious Diseases Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>\n\n<h6>The material from this guide and corresponding lecture is assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square-200x200.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Disease Transmission - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/> <h3> Disease Transmission - YOU ARE HERE <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/smallpox\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square-200x200.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Smallpox\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/smallpox\/#\"> Smallpox <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/polio\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square-200x200.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Polio\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C770&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?w=997&amp;ssl=1 997w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/polio\/#\"> Polio <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/vaccines\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square-200x200.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Vaccines\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C770&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?w=997&amp;ssl=1 997w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/vaccines\/#\"> Vaccines <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Module Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/> <\/a>\n<h3>Back to Module 10<\/h3> <h5>This week's overview<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/eliminating\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Guide Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/> <\/a>\n<h3>This Guide<\/h3> <h6>Eliminating Infectious Diseases<\/h6>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" alt=\"\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3> <h5>Submit Products<\/h5>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7835","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7835"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7835\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7981,"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7835\/revisions\/7981"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7791"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}