{"id":7885,"date":"2022-05-28T04:14:50","date_gmt":"2022-05-28T04:14:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/?page_id=7885"},"modified":"2022-05-28T04:26:30","modified_gmt":"2022-05-28T04:26:30","slug":"long-term-threats","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/long-term-threats\/","title":{"rendered":"10b1 Long-term Threats"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-7885\" data-postid=\"7885\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-7885 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n                    <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-css_id=\"g2bn540\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_g2bn540 tb_first tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_iw0u542 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_5dvg542 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-362\" title=\"Number 1 orange square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_7j1l543  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h1>Long-Term Threats<\/h1>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module icon -->\n<div  class=\"module module-icon tb_3art543  normal circle icon_horizontal tf_textl\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"module-icon-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<em class=\"tf_boxyellow\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t><svg  class=\"tf_fa tf-ti-angle-down\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\" xlink:href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\"><\/use><\/svg><\/em>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>scroll down<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module icon -->\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"391i540\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_391i540 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_konr543 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_152y543 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1165\" height=\"874\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=1165%2C874&#038;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5649\" title=\"1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1165px) 100vw, 1165px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_kr45544 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_v42h544  repeat  wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Long-Term Threats Objectives<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_9mk4544  repeat  wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Provide characteristics of bacteria and viruses that can cause infectious disease epidemics.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><b>Describe tuberculosis, including the form of transmission, degree of infection without symptoms, possible damage to lungs, and global occurrence.<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Explain what antibiotic resistance is and how this resistance and biofilms are assisting the TB bacteria.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_i4qn540 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_i1pn544 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_j3j0544 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" width=\"1165\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536-1024x576.jpg?fit=1165%2C400&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"400\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5797\" title=\"shutterstock_648506536\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536.jpg?resize=711%2C400&amp;ssl=1 711w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 711px) 100vw, 711px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_iccq545 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_84zi545  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Some diseases like malaria, influenza, and tuberculosis have been causing deaths for centuries and have still not been conquered.\u00a0 <strong>Epidemics<\/strong> are infectious disease occurrences that impact large numbers of people, sometimes for extended periods of time.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_du4i540 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_qhj7545 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_nahk545  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Although we usually are talking about bacteria and viruses when we consider epidemics, this video is a visual reminder of the impact of parasitic worms on humans.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_8pf9545 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/423782998?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_s8as540 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_yjwn545 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_t41k545  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Before discussing the long-term threat of tuberculosis, this video provides a review of viruses and bacteria that cause infectious disease epidemics.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_57a3546 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/423646323?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_anzw540 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_ce70546 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_83y2546\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-3 tb_gybu546 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_m0l5547 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/423778670?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_g33j547 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_efxj547   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>Bacterial shapes are a way of classifying species that cause human diseases.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_aj2w540 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_h1mm547 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_eq4t541 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_hxrd547 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ckme548   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Somehow, even before COVID-19, we were not hearing about an epidemic growing out of control.\u00a0 The single most deadly pathogen to humans causes tuberculosis.\u00a0 This video tells the story.<\/strong><\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_iljs548 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/424200733?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_sy4c541 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_y5if548 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_a1rb548 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" width=\"1165\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721-1024x682.jpg?fit=1165%2C400&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"400\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5900\" title=\"shutterstock_734835721\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721.jpg?resize=600%2C400&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721.jpg?resize=1024%2C682&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_2aup548 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_5pvl548  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria (<em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em>) and kills approximately 1.5 million people each year, making it the single most deadly pathogen in our species.\u00a0 SARS-CoV-2 may surpass <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> in 2020, but as of May 29 2020, Tuberculosis has still killed more people than COVID-19 so far this year.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_5lut541 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_91sx548 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_7zgg549  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Two bad characteristics of this disease (from a public health point-of-view) is that it is easy to transmit and it is possible to carry the disease in the respiratory system and not know you have it.\u00a0 This increases the risk you could inadvertently spread it to other people.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_71up549 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_q36u549 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" width=\"1165\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121-1024x682.jpg?fit=1165%2C400&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"400\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5827\" title=\"shutterstock_1067326121\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121.jpg?resize=600%2C400&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121.jpg?resize=1024%2C682&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_vd5e541 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ov1n549 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_eoil549 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/inf-tb-symptoms-732x1024.jpg?resize=732%2C400\" width=\"732\" height=\"400\" alt=\"\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_uqz5549 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_yxo1549  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">If someone does have symptoms, they may not realize it is related to a TB infection.\u00a0 These symptoms could be associated with several viral diseases.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_bd5n541 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_cbit549 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_e4i2549  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">The <em>Mycobacteria<\/em> have the potential to damage lung tissue, to the point where excessive connective scar tissue (collagen) appears on an x-ray, appearing like fungal hyphae.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_hbqg549 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_tz6j550 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" width=\"1165\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626-1024x839.jpg?fit=1165%2C400&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"400\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5825\" title=\"shutterstock_233789626\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626.jpg?resize=488%2C400&amp;ssl=1 488w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626.jpg?resize=300%2C246&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626.jpg?resize=1024%2C839&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626.jpg?resize=768%2C629&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626.jpg?resize=1536%2C1258&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 488px) 100vw, 488px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_8w1c541 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_t6ah550 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_6ngy550 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" width=\"1165\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323-1024x682.jpg?fit=1165%2C400&#038;ssl=1\" height=\"400\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5829\" title=\"shutterstock_716819323\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323.jpg?resize=600%2C400&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323.jpg?resize=1024%2C682&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_qjv2550 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_c4p7550  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">White blood cells, including macrophages fight the bacteria, but damage can be extensive.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_0px6541 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_g3e0550 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_oymz550 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/424050852?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_xj13550 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ny3l551  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Macrophages can themselves be enclosed in circular structures called granulomas that are large enough to be seen on a chest x-ray.\u00a0 Many of the cells die, a process called necrosis.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_w1yo541 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_py0o551 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_xho4551  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Even though most people do not have symptoms, there are so many people infected (approximately 20% of humans), the overall number of deaths is high.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Screening for an active infection varies by country, even by regions within a country.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_i74q551 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_elhq551 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1165\" height=\"776\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_299427884.jpg?resize=1165%2C776&#038;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5828\" title=\"shutterstock_299427884\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_299427884.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_299427884.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_299427884.jpg?resize=1024%2C682&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_299427884.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_299427884.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1165px) 100vw, 1165px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_123i541 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_k7m4551 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_5obe551 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1165\" height=\"778\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_584971960.jpg?resize=1165%2C778&#038;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5847\" title=\"shutterstock_584971960\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_584971960.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_584971960.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_584971960.jpg?resize=1024%2C684&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_584971960.jpg?resize=768%2C513&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_584971960.jpg?resize=1536%2C1025&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1165px) 100vw, 1165px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_v0aw552 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_77dz553  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">There is a TB vaccine, but its effectiveness is too low to battle this public health epidemic.\u00a0 A new, more effective vaccine is needed.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_jdm6541 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_h4oc553 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"5o2u541\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_5o2u541 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_5y7m553 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_6cla553  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>The next section provides a context for recently emerged diseases.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"4im9541\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_4im9541 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_v0km553 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_dms3553 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1165\" height=\"874\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=1165%2C874&#038;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-5649\" title=\"1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1165px) 100vw, 1165px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_yhr2553 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_imav554  repeat  wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_bsyk554  repeat  wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>provide characteristics of bacteria and viruses that can cause infectious disease epidemics?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><b>describe tuberculosis, including the form of transmission, degree of infection without symptoms, possible damage to lungs, and global occurrence?<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>explain what antibiotic resistance is and how this resistance and biofilms are assisting the TB bacteria?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"rvo9541\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_rvo9541 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner gutter-none col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_5ls9554 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_5zbs554 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-361\" title=\"Guide Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_28aa554  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Go back to the Current Epidemics Overview<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_2kth554 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_z2rz554 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/recently-emerged\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-363\" title=\"Number 2 orange square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_1kvj554  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Go forward to the Recently Emerged Page<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_wqtt514 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_b5gr515 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_qhlm515  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Current Epidemics Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module divider -->\n<div  class=\"module tf_mw module-divider tb_qks4515 solid  divider-custom divider-center\" style=\"border-width: 3px;border-color: #73b6d1;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 120px;\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n    <\/div>\n<!-- \/module divider -->\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_aiyi516  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>The material from this guide and corresponding lecture is assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_4 tb_txq3516\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_86oq517 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_6188517 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-362\" title=\"Long-Term Threats - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Long-Term Threats - YOU ARE HERE                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_vbt8517\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_ma54517 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/recently-emerged\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-363\" title=\"Recently Emerged\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/recently-emerged\/#\">\n                        Recently Emerged                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_925v517\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_nrwq518 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/outbreaks\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-364\" title=\"Outbreaks\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C770&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?w=997&amp;ssl=1 997w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/outbreaks\/#\">\n                        Outbreaks                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_ef2z519 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_l7me519 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/public-health\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-365\" title=\"Public Health\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C770&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?w=997&amp;ssl=1 997w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/public-health\/#\">\n                        Public Health                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"o6cp541\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_o6cp541 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner gutter-none col_align_top tb_col_count_3 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_5pm9555 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_bfso556 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-357\" title=\"Module Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_fank556  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Back to Module 10<\/h3>\n<h5>This week&#8217;s overview<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_gnbn556\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_p0pm556 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/#\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" class=\"wp-post-image wp-image-361\" title=\"Guide Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_oznw556  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>This Guide<\/h3>\n<h5>Current Epidemics<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_jv8x618 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_l2m1619 image-top drop-shadow circle  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\">\n                   <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png?resize=100%2C368\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" alt=\"\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_solf619  repeat \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3>\n<h5>Submit Products<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Long-Term Threats scroll down Long-Term Threats Objectives Provide characteristics of bacteria and<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":7794,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7885","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"builder_content":"<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Number 1 orange square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>\n<h1>Long-Term Threats<\/h1>\n<em ><svg xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\" xlink:href=\"#tf-ti-angle-down\"><\/use><\/svg><\/em> scroll down\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg\" title=\"1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/>\n<h3>Long-Term Threats Objectives<\/h3>\n<ul> <li> <p><strong>Provide characteristics of bacteria and viruses that can cause infectious disease epidemics.<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><b>Describe tuberculosis, including the form of transmission, degree of infection without symptoms, possible damage to lungs, and global occurrence.<\/b><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><strong>Explain what antibiotic resistance is and how this resistance and biofilms are assisting the TB bacteria.<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <\/ul>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536-1024x576-711x400.jpg\" height=\"400\" title=\"shutterstock_648506536\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536.jpg?resize=711%2C400&amp;ssl=1 711w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_648506536.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 711px) 100vw, 711px\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Some diseases like malaria, influenza, and tuberculosis have been causing deaths for centuries and have still not been conquered.\u00a0 <strong>Epidemics<\/strong> are infectious disease occurrences that impact large numbers of people, sometimes for extended periods of time.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Although we usually are talking about bacteria and viruses when we consider epidemics, this video is a visual reminder of the impact of parasitic worms on humans.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/423782998[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Before discussing the long-term threat of tuberculosis, this video provides a review of viruses and bacteria that cause infectious disease epidemics.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/423646323[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/423778670[\/embed]\n<p>Bacterial shapes are a way of classifying species that cause human diseases.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Somehow, even before COVID-19, we were not hearing about an epidemic growing out of control.\u00a0 The single most deadly pathogen to humans causes tuberculosis.\u00a0 This video tells the story.<\/strong><\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/424200733[\/embed]\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721-1024x682-600x400.jpg\" height=\"400\" title=\"shutterstock_734835721\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721.jpg?resize=600%2C400&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721.jpg?resize=1024%2C682&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_734835721.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria (<em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em>) and kills approximately 1.5 million people each year, making it the single most deadly pathogen in our species.\u00a0 SARS-CoV-2 may surpass <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> in 2020, but as of May 29 2020, Tuberculosis has still killed more people than COVID-19 so far this year.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Two bad characteristics of this disease (from a public health point-of-view) is that it is easy to transmit and it is possible to carry the disease in the respiratory system and not know you have it.\u00a0 This increases the risk you could inadvertently spread it to other people.<\/p>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121-1024x682-600x400.jpg\" height=\"400\" title=\"shutterstock_1067326121\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121.jpg?resize=600%2C400&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121.jpg?resize=1024%2C682&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1067326121.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/inf-tb-symptoms-732x1024.jpg\" width=\"732\" height=\"400\" alt=\"\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">If someone does have symptoms, they may not realize it is related to a TB infection.\u00a0 These symptoms could be associated with several viral diseases.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">The <em>Mycobacteria<\/em> have the potential to damage lung tissue, to the point where excessive connective scar tissue (collagen) appears on an x-ray, appearing like fungal hyphae.<\/p>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626-1024x839-488x400.jpg\" height=\"400\" title=\"shutterstock_233789626\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626.jpg?resize=488%2C400&amp;ssl=1 488w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626.jpg?resize=300%2C246&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626.jpg?resize=1024%2C839&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626.jpg?resize=768%2C629&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626.jpg?resize=1536%2C1258&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_233789626.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 488px) 100vw, 488px\" \/>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323-1024x682-600x400.jpg\" height=\"400\" title=\"shutterstock_716819323\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323.jpg?resize=600%2C400&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323.jpg?resize=1024%2C682&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_716819323.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">White blood cells, including macrophages fight the bacteria, but damage can be extensive.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/424050852[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Macrophages can themselves be enclosed in circular structures called granulomas that are large enough to be seen on a chest x-ray.\u00a0 Many of the cells die, a process called necrosis.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Even though most people do not have symptoms, there are so many people infected (approximately 20% of humans), the overall number of deaths is high.<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Screening for an active infection varies by country, even by regions within a country.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_299427884.jpg\" title=\"shutterstock_299427884\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_299427884.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_299427884.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_299427884.jpg?resize=1024%2C682&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_299427884.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_299427884.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_584971960.jpg\" title=\"shutterstock_584971960\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_584971960.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_584971960.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_584971960.jpg?resize=1024%2C684&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_584971960.jpg?resize=768%2C513&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_584971960.jpg?resize=1536%2C1025&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">There is a TB vaccine, but its effectiveness is too low to battle this public health epidemic.\u00a0 A new, more effective vaccine is needed.<\/p>\n<h6>The next section provides a context for recently emerged diseases.<\/h6>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg\" title=\"1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-7.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/>\n<h5>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/h5>\n<ul> <li> <p><strong>provide characteristics of bacteria and viruses that can cause infectious disease epidemics?<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><b>describe tuberculosis, including the form of transmission, degree of infection without symptoms, possible damage to lungs, and global occurrence?<\/b><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><strong>explain what antibiotic resistance is and how this resistance and biofilms are assisting the TB bacteria?<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <\/ul>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Guide Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/> <\/a>\n<h3>Go back to the Current Epidemics Overview<\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/recently-emerged\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Number 2 orange square\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/> <\/a>\n<h3>Go forward to the Recently Emerged Page<\/h3>\n<h3>Current Epidemics Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>\n\n<h6>The material from this guide and corresponding lecture is assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square-200x200.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Long-Term Threats - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/> <h3> Long-Term Threats - YOU ARE HERE <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/recently-emerged\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square-200x200.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Recently Emerged\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/recently-emerged\/#\"> Recently Emerged <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/outbreaks\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square-200x200.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Outbreaks\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C770&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg?w=997&amp;ssl=1 997w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/outbreaks\/#\"> Outbreaks <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/public-health\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square-200x200.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Public Health\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=200%2C200&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=768%2C770&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg?w=997&amp;ssl=1 997w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/public-health\/#\"> Public Health <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Module Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C772&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg?w=995&amp;ssl=1 995w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/> <\/a>\n<h3>Back to Module 10<\/h3> <h5>This week's overview<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/campus-humanbio\/epidemics\/current\/#\"> <img src=\"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon-100x100.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" title=\"Guide Icon\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/> <\/a>\n<h3>This Guide<\/h3> <h5>Current Epidemics<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" alt=\"\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3> <h5>Submit Products<\/h5>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7885","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7885"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7885\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7909,"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7885\/revisions\/7909"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7794"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanbio.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7885"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}